Breast cancer is currently the most frequent malignant neoplasm in women. The treatment of breast cancer includes surgery, radiotherapy, hormone therapy or chemotherapy. Chemotherapy uses compounds of different structure and mechanism of action, single or combined. Anthracyclines are a class of drugs used in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment, in case of advanced disease; in single and combined therapy (with cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, docetaxel). Doxurbicin is one of the most frequently used cytostatic anthracycline antibiotics. In order to reduce its adverse effects (mainly its cardiotoxicity), the active ingredient was incorporated into a pegylated liposome. Compared to the conventional form, the liposomal form of doxurbicin has better pharmacokinetic parameters as well as a better adverse effects profile, while retaining comparable clinical efficacy.