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Farmaceutyczne aspekty biotechnologii roślin. Część I. Wprowadzenie - metodyka i główne kierunki badawcze
2009-03-25
This article presents research methodology used in plant biotechnology (among others composition of culture media, groups of plant growth and development regulators, types of plant in vitro cultures). Moreover, main research directions in plant biotechnology: endogenous in vitro production of secondary metabolites, biotransformation processes, genetic engineering and plant micropropagation, were characterized with emphasis on their pharmaceutical significance. Practical applications of this research was presented based on classical and some new examples. The article underlines that therapeutically important compounds can be obtained from in vitro cultures at marked quantities by endogenous accumulation (e.g. shikonin, rosmarinic acid, berberine, ginsenosides, paclitaxel) or by biotransformation of exogenously supplemented precursors (e.g. cardiac glycosides, phenolic glycosides). Metabolites accumulating in roots of medicinal plants can be obtained with high yield by genetic transformation using Agrobacterium rhizogenes in the cultures of transformed roots, so-called "hairy roots" cultures. Development of micropropagation methods of medicinal plant species warrants quick supply of high quality medicinal raw materials among others from exotic, endangered and rare species. In addition, the article presents the newest research direction of genetic engineering, namely the possibility of the production of so-called "plant vaccines" and other biopharmaceuticals in transformed plants.Keywords: plant in vitro cultures, endogenic production of metabolites, biotransformation processes, genetic engineering, plant micropropagation.
Farmaceutyczne aspekty biotechnologii roślin. Część I. Wprowadzenie - metodyka i główne kierunki badawcze
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21 grudnia 2017