Policy makers around the world are turning to a new public policy tool – nudge, which is inexpensive and yet effective and highly accepted by society. The article presents selected interventions in the field of behavioral economics, changing human attitudes towards health issues (seasonal influenza vaccination, cancer screening). Reasons, why people make bad decisions and suggestions for actions that could correct them are given. Attention was also drawn to the limitations and threats associated with unreasonable use of behavioral economics tools.

Keywords: behavioral economics, health care economics and organizations, vaccination, mass screening, cancer prevention.