This article presents some clinical and therapeutic problems associated with infections caused by Candida spp. Nowadays, increased rate of both localized and invasive candidiases, especially in patients with an underlying impairment of the immune system, has been noted. Four groups of old or new antifungal antibiotics or chemiotherapeutics possess activity against Candida spp., such as poliens (e.g. nystatin, amphotericin B), echinocandins (e.g. caspofungin), azoles (e.g. clotrimazole, fluconazole, voriconazole) and fluoropyrimidine derivative 5-fluorocytosine (flucytosine). Successful anticandidal therapy should be based on microbiological investigation of clinical specimens, including identifications of the fungal species and assessment of drug sensitivity of the isolates due to intrinsic or acquired resistance of some strains to antifungal agents. Treatment of candidiases, depending on the clinical case, is based on drug administration locally or generally (orally or parenterally). In some candidiases (e.g. intestinal candidiasis) combined therapy should be employed drugs are administred both locally and generally.