Daniel Ziental, Jakub Szymczyk, Aleksandra Sztych

Eubiosis and eubiotics: revolution or evolution in reintroducing harmony to the microbiome?

 

2025-03-20

The last two decades witnessed a significant increase in research related to the microbiome. When attempting to define the term, it is impossible to perceive it simply as the totality of microorganisms present in a given habitat. It is more appropriate to view it globally as a complex microecosystem that changes over time and space and is closely related to macroecosystems such as eukaryotes. Thanks to the ongoing research, we are now aware of the importance of the correct composition of the microbiome in maintaining the health and homeostasis of living organisms. An example worth mentioning in this regard is the comparison of the human gut microbiome. As it turns out, humans are identical to each other in only 80–90% of their composition, which offers the potential for the development of personalized therapy. The term eubiosis in microbiology is used to describe the state of a healthy microbiome. A balanced population of microorganisms inhabiting a specific environment, such as the gut or skin, is crucial for human health. A balanced diet, lifestyle, and physical activity can be identified as the most important factors for maintaining a state of eubiosis. This state has many benefits; for example, a diverse gut microbiota has a positive impact on the functioning of the digestive system. Dysbiosis is a condition in which the natural balance of microorganisms present in a specific biological environment is disrupted. One of the best-known dysbiosis diseases to date is irritable bowel syndrome. The feces of people suffering from this disorder show higher concentrations of Escherichia coli and Enterobacter spp. and lower concentrations of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium than healthy individuals. When analyzing the diversity of the gut microbiome, it is impossible to ignore the concept of rebiosis, which is the process of restoring a naturally balanced population of microorganisms residing in a given human system.

The basic process in restoring a state of eubiosis is the transplantation of the gut microbiota from a healthy donor. It is also possible to use substances called eubiotics. Increasing awareness of the importance of the human microbiome among both researchers and patients provides the field for the development of modern therapies. Modern personalized medicine, which is increasingly merging boldly with the field of microbiology, may prove crucial in the treatment of diseases associated with disorders of the gut microbiome. It seems that in the future, maintaining a positive eubiosis in the body may become one of the pillars of patient treatment.

Keywords: Human microbiome, eubiosis, intestinal microbiota, eubiotics, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes.

© Farm Pol, 2024, 80(10): 671–680